• 6-8: 4D/M1a. All matter is made up of atoms, which are far too small to see directly through a microscope.
• 6-8: 4D/M6c. Carbon and hydrogen are common elements of living matter.
• 6-8: 4D/M9. Materials vary in how they respond to electric currents, magnetic forces, and visible light or other electromagnetic waves.
• 9-12: 4D/H1. Atoms are made of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is a tiny fraction of the volume of an atom but makes up almost all of its mass. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons which have roughly the same mass but differ in that protons are positively charged while neutrons have no electric charge.
• 9-12: 4D/H5. Scientists continue to investigate atoms and have discovered even smaller constituents of which neutrons and protons are made.
• 9-12: 4D/H7b. An enormous variety of biological, chemical, and physical phenomena can be explained by changes in the arrangement and motion of atoms and molecules.
• 9-12: 4D/H9b. Some atoms and molecules are highly effective in encouraging the interaction of others.

• 6-8: 4F/M5. Human eyes respond to only a narrow range of wavelengths of electromagnetic waves-visible light. Differences of wavelength within that range are perceived as differences of color.
• 9-12: 4F/H3a. When electrically charged objects undergo a change in motion, they produce electromagnetic waves around them.
• 9-12: 4F/H6ab. Waves can superpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by materials they enter, and change direction when entering a new material. All these effects vary with wavelength.
• 9-12: 4F/H6c. The energy of waves (like any form of energy) can be changed into other forms of energy.

• 9-12: 4G/H4ab. In many conducting materials, such as metals, some of the electrons are not firmly held by the nuclei of the atoms that make up the material. In these materials, applied electric forces can cause the electrons to move through the material, producing an electric current. In insulating materials, such as glass, the electrons are held more firmly, making it nearly impossible to produce an electric current in those materials.
• 9-12: 4G/H4d. Semiconducting materials differ greatly in how well they conduct electrons, depending on the exact composition of the material.

• 6-8: 11D/M3. Natural phenomena often involve sizes, durations, and speeds that are extremely small or extremely large. These phenomena may be difficult to appreciate because they involve magnitudes far outside human experience.
• 9-12: 11D/H1. Representing very large or very small numbers in terms of powers of ten makes it easier to perform calculations using those numbers.

• 6-8: 12B/M9. Express numbers like 100, 1,000, and 1,000,000 as powers of ten.

This newer and beautifully designed version of Powers of 10 takes students on a "nano-journey" inside a carbon-based cell, an LED diode, and a laptop microchip. At each descending level, you can click on background information and additional Flash simulations. Kids can choose from 3 images and send "postcards" to friends about their journey. Fair warning:  this resource is so engaging, be prepared to spend at least an hour on your trip.

• Physical Sciences K-8 Scale, Order of Magnitude, and Estimation Unit
• Physics First Scale, Order of Magnitude, and Estimation Unit
• Conceptual Physics Scale, Order of Magnitude, and Estimation Unit
• Algebra-Based Physics Scale, Order of Magnitude, and Estimation Unit
• AP/Calculus-Based Physics Scale, Order of Magnitude, and Estimation Unit

This newer and beautifully designed version of Powers of 10 takes students on a "nano-journey" inside a carbon-based cell, an LED diode, and a laptop microchip. At each descending level, you can click on background information and additional Flash simulations. Kids can choose from 3 images and send "postcards" to friends about their journey. Fair warning:  this resource is so engaging, be prepared to spend at least an hour on your trip.

• Physical Sciences K-8 Teaching Nanoscale Science Unit
• Physics First Teaching Nanoscale Science Unit
• Conceptual Physics Teaching Nanoscale Science Unit
• Algebra-Based Physics Teaching Nanoscale Science Unit
• AP/Calculus-Based Physics Teaching Nanoscale Science Unit

If you haven't seen Nanoreisen, be prepared to be blown away. You will be taking a "nano-journey" from the everyday world into the dimensions of the atom. Your journey is formatted in descending powers of 10, from the scale of one meter to femtometer size. You will explore a laptop microchip, an LED, and the structure of matter inside a carbon-based cell. Nanoreisen features very high-resolution digital photography and scanning electron microscopy for images ranging from 1 cm to .1 of a micrometer. Matter at the nanoscale is computer-generated.

• Physical Sciences K-8 Microscopy: Observing at the Nanoscale Unit
• Physics First Microscopy: Observing at the Nanoscale Unit
• Conceptual Physics Microscopy: Observing at the Nanoscale Unit
• Algebra-Based Physics Microscopy: Observing at the Nanoscale Unit
• AP/Calculus-Based Physics Microscopy: Observing at the Nanoscale Unit